Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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Deficiency Claims After Mortgage Foreclosure: The Prieto v. BPI Ruling
Learn how the Supreme Court's Prieto v. BPI ruling protects borrowers from unproven deficiency claims after mortgage foreclosure in the Philippines.
When a Statement of Account Is Not Enough: Proving Deficiency Claims After Foreclosure
The Supreme Court clarifies what a creditor must prove to collect a deficiency after foreclosure—and why a bare statement of account falls short.
Deficiency Claims After Foreclosure: Banks' Rights and Limits on Penalties
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that banks may collect deficiency after extrajudicial foreclosure, but courts can reduce excessive penalty charges.
Unconscionable Penalties: Reassessing Loan Obligations in Philippine Law
The Supreme Court clarifies when courts may reduce penalty charges and attorney's fees in deficiency claims after foreclosure.
Surety Agreements: Solidary Liability and Waiver of Rights in Loan Obligations
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on surety liability, accommodation mortgagors, and waiver clauses in loan deficiency claims.
Venue in Deficiency Claims: A Personal Action After Foreclosure
The Supreme Court clarifies that an action to recover a mortgage deficiency after extrajudicial foreclosure is a personal action, not a real action.
Burden OF Proof IN Deficiency Claims Banks Duty TO Substantiate Foreclosure Amounts
Condonation AND Foreclosure Clarifying Creditor Rights IN Deficiency Claims
Trust Receipts Entrusters Right TO Deficiency Claim After Repossession AND Sale
Surety Bonds, Deficiency Claims, and the Burden of Proof in Collection Suits
The Supreme Court clarifies when a demand for payment is valid and what evidence creditors must present to collect a deficiency after foreclosure.
Surety Bonds and Deficiency Claims: Why Evidence of Demand and Computation Matters
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on suretyship, deficiency claims, and the need for valid demand with clear computation of amounts owed.
Financing Companies and Assignment of Credit: Deficiency Claims After Foreclosure
Explaining Project Builders v. IFC: how financing company assignments of credit work, and why foreclosure doesn't bar deficiency claims.
Deficiency Claims in Chattel Mortgages: Creditor Rights After Foreclosure in the Philippines
Learn how Philippine law governs deficiency claims after chattel mortgage foreclosure, including creditor rights and borrower protections.
When Banks Lose the Right to Collect: Estoppel in Foreclosure Deficiency Claims
When can a bank be barred from collecting a foreclosure deficiency? The Supreme Court explains estoppel's limits in PNB v. Court of Appeals.
Recto Law Explained: Deficiency Claims After Chattel Mortgage Foreclosure
Understand Article 1484 (Recto Law) and when sellers can still recover attorney's fees after foreclosing on installment-sold personal property.