Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 289312 of 742 articles for cir

Eminent Domain and Just Compensation: Valuing Property at the Time of Taking

Explaining the Supreme Court ruling that just compensation for expropriated property is valued at the time of taking, not when the complaint is filed.

Finality of DAR Orders: Due Process in Agrarian Reform Cases

Learn how the Supreme Court upholds the finality of DAR orders, the rules on land reclassification, and due process in agrarian reform.

Defective Information Reduces Direct Assault Conviction to Homicide

A missing element in the information reduced a direct assault conviction to homicide, underscoring the constitutional right to be informed of charges.

Tax Assumption vs. Tax Exemption: The Mitsubishi Ruling on Government-Promised Tax Relief

The Supreme Court clarifies when a government's promise to assume taxes binds the state—and when it doesn't—in this landmark Philippine tax case.

Project Employees Remain Non-Regular Despite Repeated Rehiring: Herma Shipyard Case

Supreme Court clarifies that project employees performing necessary tasks and repeatedly rehired do not automatically become regular employees.

Correcting Birth Certificate Entries: When to File with the Civil Registrar or the Court

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when birth certificate corrections need administrative filing under RA 9048 versus judicial action under Rule 108.

Dismissal With Just Cause Still Requires Procedural Due Process: Ortiz v. DHL

A valid dismissal needs both substantive and procedural due process. Learn the twin notice and hearing rules from Ortiz v. DHL.

Moral Ascendancy in Rape Cases: When Power Substitutes for Force Under Philippine Law

How the Supreme Court ruled that moral ascendancy can substitute for physical threat or intimidation in rape cases, protecting vulnerable victims.

Protecting Seafarers' Permanent Partial Disability and the Right to Compensation

Supreme Court rules seafarers can claim permanent partial disability benefits even if injury is curable or not in POEA schedule.

Surety’s Liability: The Extent and Limits Under Philippine Law

Understand the scope of a surety’s obligations in the Philippines, including liability limits, defenses, and key legal principles.

When Counsel's Negligence Costs the Appeal: Lessons from Dimaandal v. Ilagan

A client is bound by counsel's mistakes unless gross negligence deprives them of due process. The Supreme Court explains the rule.

Foreign Ownership in Public Utilities: The High Court Defines "Capital"

The Supreme Court clarifies that Under the Constitution

Enforcement of Government Contracts: Recovery Allowed Despite Lack of Funds Certification

Supreme Court allows contractor recovery for government equipment leases despite missing funds certification, citing quantum meruit and equity.

When a Disqualified Candidate Wins: Second-Placer Rule and Void Certificates of Candidacy

Explaining the Supreme Court's ruling on void certificates of candidacy, second-placers, and who truly wins when a candidate is disqualified.

MERALCO Rate Case: Supreme Court Upholds ERC’s Shift to Performance-Based Regulation

Supreme Court affirms ERC’s shift to PBR for setting MERALCO rates, barring collateral attacks on administrative regulations.

Discernment Requirement for Minors: Key Lessons from Dorado v. People

Supreme Court clarifies that discernment, not intent, determines criminal liability of minors aged 15-18 under RA 9344.

Rape Conviction Affirmed: Contextual Testimony Enough to Prove Carnal Knowledge

The Supreme Court affirms a rape conviction, holding that a victim's contextual testimony can sufficiently establish carnal knowledge even without explicit anatomical detail.

Protecting Children Upholding Stiffer Penalties for Child Abuse Under R.A. 7610

The Supreme Court affirms a conviction for child abuse under R.A. 7610, clarifying that physical abuse of a child is penalized more heavily than ordinary physical injuries.

Mining Rights vs. Indigenous Peoples: Exhaustion of Remedies and Grave Abuse of Discretion

The Supreme Court in Alecha v. Atienza underscores the exhaustion doctrine and limits of grave abuse of discretion in mining disputes.

Res Judicata in Annulment of Judgments: Prior Relief Bars Subsequent Action

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a petition for annulment of judgment under Rule 47 is barred by a prior petition for relief.

Treachery Defined: How Eyewitness Testimony Secures Murder Convictions in the Philippines

The Supreme Court explains how treachery qualifies killing as murder and why a consistent eyewitness account outweighs an alibi defense.

Rape of an Intoxicated Victim: Consent and Consciousness Under Philippine Law

The Supreme Court ruled that sex with a woman unconscious or deprived of reason from intoxication is rape, even without force.

Tax Exemption for PAGCOR Licensees: Understanding the Scope of PD 1869

The Supreme Court clarifies that PAGCOR licensees remain exempt from corporate income tax on gaming operations under PD 1869.

Caveat Emptor in Philippine Real Estate: Why Buyers Must Verify Title Before Purchase

The Supreme Court's Ranara ruling shows why buyers must verify property titles—failure to do so can mean losing both the purchase price and improvements.