Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 120 of 20 articles for hearsay

Psychological Incapacity Under Article 36: Abandonment, Infidelity, and the Cabutaje Ruling

The Supreme Court clarifies proof requirements for psychological incapacity in the Cabutaje case, addressing abandonment, infidelity, and expert testimony.

Proving Causation in Homicide Cases: The Role of Medical Evidence in the Philippines

Philippine homicide cases require proof beyond reasonable doubt that the accused's actions caused death. Learn how the Supreme Court treats medical evidence and pre-existing conditions.

Employer and Vehicle Owner Liability: Solidary vs. Vicarious Under Philippine Law

When a driver causes an accident, liability depends on presence. Learn the difference between solidary and vicarious liability.

Oral Partition of Inheritance: Proving Verbal Agreements in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies when an oral partition of inherited property can override a written extrajudicial settlement, and what evidence is needed.

Hearsay, Dying Declarations, and Reasonable Doubt: Acquittal in Homicide Case

Supreme Court acquits homicide accused where prosecution relied on inadmissible hearsay, not direct evidence, and medical evidence conflicted.

Right to Access Search Warrant Records: Due Process and Confidentiality in Philippine Law

Philippine courts balance due process rights against informant confidentiality when accused persons seek search warrant records.

Proving a Lost Property Title: Evidence Lessons from a 2021 Supreme Court Ruling

A 2021 Supreme Court ruling clarifies the strict evidence needed to replace a lost property title in the Philippines.

Proving Tolerance in Unlawful Detainer: A Landmark Lesson from the Supreme Court

The Supreme Court clarifies the burden of proving tolerance in unlawful detainer cases. Learn the key evidence rules for ejectment disputes.

Can Pathological Gambling Nullify a Marriage? The Singson Ruling on Psychological Incapacity

The Supreme Court in Singson v. Singson clarifies when pathological gambling can—and cannot—nullify a marriage under Article 36 of the Family Code.

Due Process in Club Membership Suspensions: The Ching v. QCSC Ruling

When can a club suspend a member without a hearing? The Supreme Court clarifies due process rules in Ching v. Quezon City Sports Club.

Vehicle Accidents and Utility Posts: Liability Under Philippine Law

Learn how Philippine courts determine liability when a vehicle damages utility infrastructure, including negligence, vicarious liability, and damages.

Evidence Rules in Philippine Administrative Cases: The Atienza Case Explained

Administrative bodies in the Philippines follow relaxed evidence rules. Learn what Atienza v. Board of Medicine means for professionals facing administrative scrutiny.

Incomplete Witness Testimony: When Death Before Cross-Examination Makes Evidence Inadmissible

Philippine courts generally strike out a witness's direct testimony if the opposing party never gets to cross-examine. Dela Cruz v. Papa explains why.

Seafarer’s Illegal Dismissal: Due Process and the Ship’s Logbook in Maritime Cases

The Supreme Court ruled a seafarer’s dismissal illegal for lack of just cause and due process, highlighting the logbook’s evidentiary value.

Burden of Proof in Insurance Claims: Insurers Must Prove Policy Exclusions Apply

When an insurer denies a claim citing a policy exclusion, Philippine law requires the insurer to prove the exception applies—mere suspicion is not enough.

Dying Declarations and Circumstantial Evidence: People v. Norrudin Explained

The Supreme Court's ruling in People v. Norrudin shows how dying declarations and circumstantial evidence can prove murder beyond reasonable doubt.

Reversion Rights After Expropriation: What MCIAA v. Chiongbian Means for Landowners

When government expropriation is unconditional, former owners generally cannot reclaim land even if the public purpose ends. Learn the rules.

Hearsay Evidence in Philippine Courts: When Sworn Statements Are Admissible

Sworn statements can be admitted in Philippine courts not to prove their truth, but to show they were made. Learn the hearsay rule's limits.

Burden of Proof in Rape Cases: Why Evidence Is Paramount in Philippine Courts

A Supreme Court ruling shows why proof beyond reasonable doubt, not outrage, determines rape convictions in the Philippines.

Witness Credibility in Philippine Courts: Why Family Ties Don't Discredit Testimony

Philippine courts weigh witness credibility by quality, not family ties. A landmark case clarifies evidence rules, paraffin tests, and damages.