Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 313336 of 758 articles for contract

Altered Checks and Bank Liability: Who Pays the Price of Forgery

When a bank clears an altered check, who bears the loss? The Supreme Court clarifies liability rules in Areza v. Express Savings Bank.

Written Stipulation Is Key: Enforceability of Loan Interest Agreements in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when 12% interest applies versus 6% in construction disputes, emphasizing written stipulations.

OFW Illegal Dismissal: Full Salary for Unexpired Contract, Not Just 3 Months

The Supreme Court affirms that illegally dismissed OFWs are entitled to full salaries for the unexpired portion of their contracts, striking down the three-month cap as unconstitutional.

Vehicle Accidents and Utility Posts: Liability Under Philippine Law

Learn how Philippine courts determine liability when a vehicle damages utility infrastructure, including negligence, vicarious liability, and damages.

When a Blessing Becomes an Illegal Marriage Ceremony: The Ronulo Case

The Supreme Court clarifies when a priest's blessing of a couple without a marriage license becomes an illegal marriage ceremony under Article 352 of the Revised Penal Code.

Seafarers' Rights: Implied Contract Extension and Disability Benefits

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on implied contract extension for seafarers and entitlement to permanent total disability benefits under POEA-SEC.

Ill-Gotten Wealth, Close Association with Marcoses, and Asset Recovery: A Legal Primer

Learn how Philippine courts define "ill-gotten wealth," prove close association with the Marcoses, and recover assets under sequestration laws.

Redundancy vs Retrenchment: Protecting Employees From Illegal Dismissal

The Supreme Court clarifies the distinction between redundancy and retrenchment, and the rules employers must follow to avoid illegal dismissal.

Stored Goods Destroyed by Fire: When Negligence Overrides Fortuitous Events

Learn when storage facilities are liable for goods destroyed by fire, and how the Supreme Court applied res ipsa loquitur in ICTSI v. Chua.

Continuing Suretyship in the Philippines: Liability for Future Debts Explained

Learn how the Supreme Court upheld a surety's liability for future debts under a Continuing Suretyship, and when courts may reduce attorney's fees.

When an Agent's Mortgage Signed in Own Name Does Not Bind the Principal

A mortgage signed by an agent in a personal capacity, without indicating agency, binds only the agent, not the principal.

Surety Bonds Survive Debt Extension: Key Supreme Court Ruling on Article 2079

Extension of a principal's debt without a surety's consent does not automatically extinguish surety bonds, per the Supreme Court.

SEC Suspension Order as a Valid Defense in B.P. 22 Cases: Gidwani v. People

When a lawful SEC suspension order precedes check presentment, the drawer may be excused from B.P. 22 liability.

Unjust Enrichment When Illegal Contracts Require Restitution

The Supreme Court explains when the in pari delicto doctrine yields to the public policy against unjust enrichment in illegal contracts.

Breach of Fiduciary Duty Banks Must Uphold Transparency in Trust Accounts

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on Land Bank v. Oñate clarifies banks' fiduciary duties, transparency obligations, and liability for undocumented trust account withdrawals.

Writ of Possession After Foreclosure: When the Surplus Must Be Returned

Philippine Bank of Communications v. Yeung clarifies when a writ of possession issues after foreclosure and how sale surpluses are handled.

Prescription and Laches in Deed of Sale Cases: Lessons from Sanchez v. Sanchez

When can a deed of sale be challenged in court? The Supreme Court clarifies the rules on prescription and laches in Sanchez v. Sanchez.

Maceda Law Protecting Installment Buyers From Improper Contract Cancellations

Learn how the Maceda Law protects installment buyers from improper contract cancellations and what the Supreme Court said about buyer rights.

Incidental Fraud Damages FOR Exclusion From Corporate Management

Explaining the Supreme Court's ruling in Tankeh v. DBP on incidental fraud, damages, and exclusion from corporate management.

When Checks Prove a Loan: The Supreme Court Ruling on Evidence of Indebtedness

The Supreme Court clarifies when checks alone establish a loan obligation and shift the burden of proof to the debtor under Philippine law.

Love OR LAW Intentions Behind Marriages AND Legal Validity

Philippine Supreme Court rules that marriage for citizenship or money is valid if consent is real, distinguishing motive from lack of consent.

Foreign Land Ownership: No Reimbursement for Unconstitutional Purchases

A foreigner who knowingly violates the constitutional ban on land ownership cannot recover the purchase price, even under equity or unjust enrichment claims.

When Business Downturns Lead to Employee Layoffs: Understanding Retrenchment Under Philippine Law

Learn the legal rules on retrenchment in the Philippines, including valid grounds, procedural requirements, and worker protections.

Agency and Authority: When a Deed Does Not Mean a Done Deal in Property Sales

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when a deed of sale is void without proper agency authority under the Civil Code.