Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 385408 of 432 articles for security

When Witnesses Can't See: Proving Robbery With Homicide Through Circumstantial Evidence

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how circumstantial evidence can prove robbery with homicide even without eyewitnesses to the killing.

Employer-Employee Relationship and the Control Test: Lessons from Villa v. NLRC

The Supreme Court's ruling in Villa v. NLRC clarifies the control test in employer-employee relationships and the rules on evidence in illegal dismissal cases.

Misappropriation vs Private Property: Understanding Malversation in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies that malversation requires public property. A mayor's custody of a private gun is not malversation.

Proportionality in Employee Discipline: When Dismissal Is Too Harsh in the Philippines

Philippine labor law requires penalties to fit the offense. Learn when dismissal is disproportionate and how the Supreme Court applies this rule.

Torrens Title vs. Acquisitive Prescription: Why Registered Land Prevails in the Philippines

A Torrens title defeats claims of ownership by long possession. Learn the Ramos v. Bautista ruling and how to protect registered land.

Rape and Incest in the Philippines: Understanding Familial Sexual Abuse Laws

Learn how Philippine courts handle rape cases, the role of victim testimony, and the legal framework addressing sexual abuse.

Conspiracy in Philippine Criminal Law: Establishing Indispensable Cooperation

Learn how Philippine courts establish conspiracy in criminal cases, using the 1999 rape decision in People v. Banela as a guide.

Cashier Negligence and Liability: Safeguarding Public Funds in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on cashier negligence and accountability for lost public funds, with rules on safekeeping and COA relief.

Wage Distortion In The Philippines Understanding Collective Bargaining And Legal Remedies

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies wage distortion, collective bargaining rights, and legal remedies for employees facing demotion or illegal dismissal.

Payroll Evidence in Philippine Labor Disputes: Ensuring Fair Hearings for Employers

A Supreme Court ruling on payroll evidence in labor disputes, protecting employers' right to present original documents for fair hearings.

Employee vs. Independent Contractor: The Four-Fold Test Under Philippine Law

Philippine courts use the four-fold test to distinguish employees from independent contractors. Control is the key factor.

Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Understanding Your Right to Back Wages

The Supreme Court clarifies when private school teachers gain permanent status, what constitutes illegal dismissal, and how back wages are computed.

Security of Tenure for Private School Teachers: The NAMAWU v. San Ildefonso College Ruling

When do private school teachers gain permanent status, and what does illegal dismissal mean? The Supreme Court's ruling in NAMAWU v. San Ildefonso College provides clear answers.

Priority in Land Titles: Why Earlier Registration Wins in Philippine Property Disputes

When two titles cover the same land, the earlier registration generally prevails. Learn the rule and how to protect your property.

Client Liability Clarified: Solidary Responsibility for Agency Workers

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a client-employer is solidarily liable for agency workers' claims, distinguishing back wages from service incentive leave pay.

Floating Status or Illegal Dismissal: Security Guard Rights in the Philippines

When does a security guard's off-detail become illegal dismissal? The Supreme Court explains the six-month floating status rule and employee rights.

Unwritten Company Policy and Illegal Dismissal: The Bangloy Case

Can an employee be fired under an unwritten policy? The Bangloy case shows why written, communicated rules are vital in Philippine labor law.

Regular Employment After One Year of Service Prevails Over Fixed-Term Contracts

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when repeated fixed-term contracts cannot defeat an employee's right to regular employment and security of tenure.

Security of Tenure for Tenant Farmers: Upholding Leasehold Rights in the Philippines

The Supreme Court reaffirmed tenant farmers' security of tenure, ruling that land sale does not extinguish agricultural leasehold rights.

Regular vs Casual Employment in the Philippines: Employee Rights and Employer Obligations

Understand the difference between regular and casual employment in the Philippines, and learn how labor-only contracting affects employee rights and employer liability.

Valid Dismissal for Insubordination: Employee Rights and Company Discipline in the Philippines

Understand when a strike is legal and dismissal valid under Philippine labor law, based on a Supreme Court ruling on employee rights.

Absolute vs Conditional Sale Understanding Philippine Real Estate Contracts

Learn the key differences between absolute and conditional sales in Philippine real estate, and what the Supreme Court says about buyer and seller rights.

Solidary Liability for Security Guard Wages: Employer Obligations in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when companies are solidarily liable for security agency employees' wages, back pay, and separation pay.

Surety vs. Guaranty in Philippine Law: Key Differences and Liability

Learn the difference between surety and guaranty under Philippine law, and why contract wording—not titles—determines your liability.