Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 2548 of 565 articles for exceptions

Navigating GOCC Compensation: Board Authority and Disallowed Benefits in the Philippines

Explaining the Supreme Court ruling on PNCC directors' gratuity benefits, GOCC status, and when disallowed compensation must be returned.

Probationary Employment in the Philippines: Understanding Regularization Standards

The Supreme Court clarifies when probationary employees may be validly terminated for failing to meet regularization standards under Philippine law.

When Personal Misconduct Impacts Public Trust Philippine Supreme Court Ruling ON Employee Behavior

The Supreme Court clarifies liability rules when government officials receive disallowed benefits, distinguishing approving officers from mere recipients.

COA Disallowances When ARE Government Officials Personally Liable TO Refund

Supreme Court clarifies when government officials must refund disallowed benefits, distinguishing approving officers from mere recipients.

Defying Court Orders Consequences OF Disobedience IN THE Philippine Justice System

The Supreme Court clarifies that repealing a penal law does not erase criminal liability when the offense is reenacted, affirming a child pornography conviction.

Construction Arbitration: When Non-Signatories Are Bound by Arbitration Agreements

Philippine Supreme Court rules on when non-signatories to a construction contract can be bound by its arbitration clause, clarifying CIAC jurisdiction.

When a Sale Among Heirs Can Be Voided: PD 27 and Simulated Land Transfers

Learn when a sale of agrarian reform land among heirs is void under PD 27, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Dela Cruz v. Dumasig.

Enforcing Foreign Arbitral Awards in the Philippines: The Authentication Requirement

Learn why authenticated arbitration agreements are jurisdictional requirements for enforcing foreign arbitral awards in Philippine courts, as ruled in Manis Shipping.

Family Home Protection in the Philippines: Understanding Execution Exemptions

When is a family home exempt from execution in the Philippines? The Supreme Court clarifies the limits of this protection.

Deportation and Undesirability in the Philippines: Exhausting Administrative Remedies First

The Supreme Court explains why a foreign national facing deportation must exhaust administrative remedies before seeking judicial relief.

Ethical Boundaries for Court Personnel: Consequences of Soliciting Fees for Favorable Outcomes

Court stenographer dismissed for gross misconduct after soliciting P248,000 from a litigant, promising to fix an annulment case.

Double Jeopardy in the Philippines: When an Acquittal Becomes Final

Philippine law protects acquitted persons from retrial through double jeopardy. Learn the rule, its narrow exceptions, and key case law.

Local Tax Assessments After Corporate Restructuring: Who Pays?

Supreme Court rules on who bears local business tax liability when a government corporation's operations transfer by law to another entity.

Divorce Initiated by Filipinos Abroad: Recognizing Foreign Divorce Decrees in the Philippines

The Supreme Court clarifies that Filipino spouses can obtain and seek recognition of foreign divorce decrees, reversing a lower court ruling.

Final and Executory Judgments: The Doctrine of Immutability in Philippine Courts

Once a judgment becomes final and executory, courts cannot revisit it. Learn the doctrine of immutability, its exceptions, and key lessons from a recent Supreme Court ruling.

Chain of Custody in Drug Cases: A Broken Link Leads to Acquittal

When police skip the required on-site inventory without justification, the chain of custody breaks and drug convictions may be overturned.

Drug Case Dismissed: Why Chain of Custody Is Crucial in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court acquitted two drug suspects because police failed to justify why the inventory was not done at the place of arrest. Here's what this means for Section 21 compliance.

Ancestral Land Claims in Baguio City: CALCs Are Not Proof of Ownership

The Supreme Court clarifies that Certificates of Ancestral Land Claim do not confer ownership over Baguio City lots, which remain governed by the city charter.

Agrarian Reform Land Transfer Ban: What Beneficiaries and Buyers Must Know

Supreme Court clarifies the 10-year ban on selling agrarian reform lands, the void sale rule, and the buyer's right to recover payment.

Gross Negligence of Counsel: When Final Convictions Can Be Reopened for Due Process

When a lawyer's gross negligence and lies cost a client the right to appeal, the Supreme Court may recall a final judgment to protect due process.

Gross Negligence of Counsel Can Restore the Right to Appeal in Criminal Cases

When a lawyer's gross negligence and misrepresentations cause a client to lose the right to appeal, the Supreme Court may recall the entry of judgment and reinstate the appeal.

GSIS Loan Penalties: When Are They Unconscionable?

The Supreme Court ruled that compounded GSIS loan penalties can be unconscionable and subject to reduction. Learn the rules.

Illegal Dismissal: Employer Liability After a Prolonged Business Suspension

When a business suspension exceeds six months, employers must validly terminate or recall workers. Learn the rules from a 2023 Supreme Court ruling.

PhilHealth Claims: Supreme Court Protects Healthcare Providers’ Due Process Rights

The Supreme Court ruled PhilHealth violated due process in claims against Quezon City Eye Center, reinforcing procedural fairness in administrative cases.