Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 457480 of 640 articles for court of appeals

Seafarer’s Illegal Dismissal: Due Process and the Ship’s Logbook in Maritime Cases

The Supreme Court ruled a seafarer’s dismissal illegal for lack of just cause and due process, highlighting the logbook’s evidentiary value.

Injunctions in Ejectment Cases: Balancing Property Rights and Public Service

When can an ejectment judgment be stayed? City of Naga v. Asuncion shows how courts balance property rights against disruption of public services.

Estafa by False Pretenses: Proving Fraud Beyond Reasonable Doubt in the Philippines

Learn how Philippine courts prove estafa by false pretenses, using the Rizza Lao case to explain the elements, burden of proof, and penalties.

Lis Pendens Cancellation: Final Judgments and Property Rights Under Biglang-Awa

Learn when a notice of lis pendens can be cancelled after a final judgment, based on the Supreme Court ruling in Biglang-Awa v. Philippine Trust Company.

Official Duty vs. Discourtesy: When Public Officials Cross the Line

The Supreme Court clarifies that public officials cannot hide behind official duty to justify discourtesy, reaffirming public office as a public trust.

Mission Orders and Memorandum Receipts: When They Don't Replace a Firearms License

The Supreme Court clarifies that mission orders and memorandum receipts cannot substitute for a valid firearms license, even for confidential agents.

Forum Non Conveniens in the Philippines: When Courts Keep Jurisdiction Despite Foreign Elements

Philippine courts can hear cases with foreign elements; a choice-of-law clause does not automatically strip them of jurisdiction.

Medical Certificate Authentication: Proving Physical Injuries in Philippine Courts

Learn how Philippine courts treat medical certificates as evidence, why authentication matters, and what Postanes v. People teaches litigants.

Presumption of Regularity of Public Documents: The High Bar for Proving Falsification

Public documents enjoy a presumption of regularity. Learn the high evidentiary standard needed to overcome it in administrative cases.

Search Warrants for LPG Cylinder Misuse: Probable Cause Standards Under R.A. 623

Supreme Court ruling clarifies probable cause for search warrants involving unauthorized LPG cylinder use under R.A. 623, as amended.

Backwages in Illegal Dismissal: When the Employer’s Obligation Ends

Backwages in illegal dismissal accrue until actual reinstatement or payment of separation pay, per Mt. Carmel College v. Resuena.

Waiver of Contractual Conditions in the Philippines: Lessons from Gonzales v. Lim

Learn when a party waives a contractual condition under Philippine law, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Gonzales v. Lim.

Treachery and Witness Credibility in Philippine Murder Convictions

How credible eyewitness testimony and treachery shape murder convictions in the Philippines, with lessons from People v. Dulanas.

Contract Rescission and RTC Jurisdiction: Lessons from Villena v. Payoyo

When rescinding a contract is the primary remedy, the case belongs in the Regional Trial Court—even if the monetary claim is small.

Serious Physical Injuries in the Philippines: The Pilares Case Explained

Understand serious physical injuries under Philippine law through the Pilares case, including penalties, evidence, and self-defense considerations.

Right of Pre-emption for Adjoining Landowners in the Philippines: A Guide

Learn how Article 1622 protects adjoining landowners of small urban lots, explained through the Supreme Court case Contreras v. Alcantara.

Ejectment Case Jurisdiction in the Philippines: MTC vs RTC After Bejar v. Caluag

Filing an ejectment case in the wrong court risks dismissal. Learn how Bejar v. Caluag clarifies MTC vs RTC jurisdiction.

Land as Attorney’s Fees: Enforcing Written Contracts for Legal Services in the Philippines

Philippine courts uphold written attorney’s fee contracts, even those paid in land, provided the essential elements of a valid contract are present.

When Is a Buy-Bust Operation Legal in the Philippines? Key Rules from People v. Nicolas

Philippine courts uphold buy-bust operations as valid drug enforcement, even without prior surveillance. Learn the essential elements and your rights.

Can an RTC Annul a DARAB Decision? Jurisdiction in Agrarian Disputes

RTCs generally cannot annul DARAB decisions—they are co-equal bodies. Appeals must go to the Court of Appeals.

Nemo Dat Quod Non Habet: Why Title Verification Matters in Philippine Property Deals

Philippine law bars transferring property you don't own. Learn the nemo dat rule from Hermosilla v. Remoquillo and how to protect your purchase.

Pairing Judge Authority: When Orders Become Void After a Regular Judge Assumes Office

A pairing judge's authority ends when the regular judge assumes office. Orders issued after that are void, as Yujuico v. Quiambao shows.

Piercing the Corporate Veil in the Philippines: When Parent Companies Pay Subsidiary Debts

Philippine courts can hold parent companies liable for subsidiary debts when the subsidiary is a mere instrumentality. Learn the rules from General Credit v. Alsons.

Automatic Contract Cancellation in the Philippines: Grace Periods and Buyer Obligations

Missed payments on a Contract to Sell can trigger automatic cancellation. Learn the rules from Santiago v. Court of Appeals.