Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 481504 of 1,580 articles for resolution

Senior Citizen and PWD Discounts: Police Power, Not Unconstitutional Taking

The Supreme Court upholds the 20% discount for senior citizens and PWDs as a valid exercise of police power, not an unconstitutional taking of property.

When Attorney Negligence Doesnt Equal Extrinsic Fraud Protecting Final Judgments

The Supreme Court clarifies that a lawyer's negligence, without malice or connivance with the adverse party, does not constitute extrinsic fraud to annul final judgments.

Speedy Disposition of Cases: Balancing Delay and Due Process in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies the balancing test for inordinate delay in preliminary investigations, affirming that prosecutors must justify delays.

Accountability in the Judiciary: Judges and Clerks Held Liable for Neglect of Duty

The Supreme Court reminds judges and court clerks that negligence delays justice. Learn the rules on accountability from a 2017 case.

Determining Just Compensation in Agrarian Reform: Balancing Land Value and Legal Mandates

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies how just compensation is determined in agrarian reform cases, balancing land value factors and legal mandates.

Death of Accused Pending Appeal Extinguishes Criminal and Civil Liability

Explore how the Supreme Court applied of the Revised Penal Code in People v. Toukyo, clarifying that death abates criminal liability and related civil claims.

Disability Retirement Benefits Protecting Judges Incapacitated During Service

The Supreme Court clarifies disability retirement rules for judges, granting full benefits to an incapacitated Sandiganbayan Justice.

Accountability in the Judiciary: Forfeiture of Benefits for Neglect and Misconduct

Explore the Supreme Court ruling on CESB vs. CSC regarding PAO positions, third-level eligibility, and jurisdictional boundaries in civil service.

Production Assessment Fees: Water Districts Must Prove Harm Before Charging Deep Well Users

Water districts can't impose production fees on deep well users without a board finding of financial harm. Here's what the Supreme Court ruled.

Defamation and Free Speech: Balancing Criticism and Accountability in Libel Cases

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when statements in legal pleadings lose privileged communication protection and become libelous.

Pre-Trial Appearances and Summary Judgment Motions: Pascual v. First Consolidated Rural Bank

Explaining when summary judgment motions can be filed, and why skipping pre-trial remains fatal even with a pending motion.

Construction Delays and Liquidated Damages: Defining Substantial Completion in Philippine Law

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when liquidated damages stop accruing in construction delays—actual substantial completion, not projections, matters.

Corporate Representation: The Necessity of Board Resolutions in Legal Actions

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when corporate officers need board resolutions to file or defend legal actions, and the limits of derivative suits.

Quorum Quagmire: Can Non-Unit Owners Decide a Condo's Fate?

Supreme Court rules on quorum in condo meetings, membership of owner-developers, and who can sit on the board.

Union Registration Misrepresentation and Managerial Employees: Key SC Ruling

The Supreme Court clarifies when misrepresentation can cancel a union's registration and how managerial employee status affects labor union rights.

Illegal Dismissal: Backwages and Separation Pay Computed Until Final Judgment

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that backwages and separation pay for illegally dismissed employees run until the judgment becomes final, regardless of who appealed.

Overcoming Title Presumptions: The Imperative of Clear and Convincing Evidence in Land Disputes

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on why clear and convincing evidence is required to overturn a free patent and certificate of title.

Accountability Prevails: COA's Power to Discipline and Recover Unlawful Benefits

The Supreme Court affirms COA's authority to discipline its personnel and recover unauthorized benefits received from audited agencies.

Undue Delay in Ejectment Cases: When a Judge Must Decide Within 30 Days

A judge's failure to decide an ejectment case within 30 days is undue delay. Learn the rules and penalties.

PDAF Scam: Hearsay Evidence and Probable Cause in Plunder Cases

The Supreme Court upholds the Ombudsman's probable cause findings in the PDAF scam cases, clarifying that hearsay evidence can establish probable cause.

Union Dues Increase: Supreme Court Requires Strict Compliance for Agency Fees

The Supreme Court ruled that increased union agency fees require strict compliance with Labor Code approval and documentation requirements.

When Can Arbitration Statements Be Withheld? The Confidentiality Rule Explained

The Supreme Court clarifies when arbitration testimony and witness statements are confidential and protected from disclosure in other proceedings.

Perfecting Appeals in Election Protests: Payment Deadlines and Damage Awards

Supreme Court clarifies COMELEC appeal fee deadlines under Resolution 8486 and limits damages in election protests to actual or compensatory damages.

Finality of Judgment vs Probable Cause: Balancing Justice in Trademark Infringement Cases

The Supreme Court clarifies that a final judgment quashing search warrants binds courts, but probable cause for prosecution may still stand.