Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 14411464 of 2,351 articles for conviction

From Murder to Homicide: Understanding the Absence of Treachery in Philippine Law

When treachery is not proven, a killing is homicide, not murder. Learn the rules from a Supreme Court case.

Credibility of Testimony in Rape Cases: The Importance of Consistent and Believable Evidence

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on witness credibility, force, intimidation, and proof of qualifying circumstances in rape cases.

Erroneous Identification Leads to Acquittal Safeguarding Due Process in Criminal Proceedings

The Supreme Court acquits a murder convict when a suggestive police showup and unreliable eyewitness identification violate due process.

Warrantless Arrests and Searches Incident Thereto: Balancing Rights and Law Enforcement in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court explains when warrantless arrests and incidental searches are valid under Philippine law, using a marijuana transport case.

When Self-Defense Fails: Treachery and Conspiracy in Philippine Murder Cases

A Supreme Court ruling explains when self-defense fails, how conspiracy is proven, and why treachery qualifies murder under Philippine law.

When Self Defense Claims Fall Short: The Burden of Proof in Homicide Cases

The Supreme Court clarifies that conspiracy in robbery with homicide requires proof beyond reasonable doubt, but concerted acts establish liability.

Voice Recognition as Evidence Identifying the Accused in Rape Cases

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on voice recognition evidence in rape cases, admissibility standards, and the importance of credible victim testimony.

Rape Conviction Stands: Force and Intimidation Trump Claims of Consent in Sweetheart Defense

SC affirms rape conviction of man who attacked a mentally disabled woman, ruling force and intimidation override any alleged romantic relationship.

Accountability in Armed Robbery: Redefining Liability Through Criminal Conspiracy

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on criminal conspiracy in robbery with homicide, explaining liability for all participants and penalty rules.

Incestuous Rape: Moral Ascendancy as Substitute for Force and Intimidation

In incestuous rape, a father's moral ascendancy over his daughter can substitute for force and intimidation, the Supreme Court ruled in People v. Madera.

Incestuous Rape: Consummation vs Attempt and Proving Carnal Knowledge Beyond Reasonable Doubt

The Supreme Court distinguishes consummated from attempted incestuous rape, stressing the prosecution's burden to prove carnal knowledge beyond reasonable doubt.

Reasonable Doubt Safeguarding Liberty in Kidnapping Cases

A look at People v. Obeso, where the Supreme Court acquitted a man of kidnapping, stressing that conviction requires proof beyond reasonable doubt.

Homicide and Reckless Imprudence: Understanding Included Offenses in Philippine Law

The Supreme Court clarifies when reckless imprudence is a lesser included offense of homicide, and the limits of self-defense claims.

Accomplice Liability in Murder: When Presence Is Not Enough

Philippine law requires proof of concerted action for accomplice liability in murder. Learn from the Gialolo case.

When Doubt Shadows Evidence: Reversal of Drug Conviction Due to Witness Credibility

Supreme Court acquits drug suspects after prosecution witness found to have history of framing accused in buy-bust operations.

Online Psychological Abuse Under RA 9262: When Social Media Posts Become Crimes

The Supreme Court clarifies when Facebook posts constitute psychological abuse under RA 9262 and how ICT use raises penalties.

Witness Credibility and Delayed Reporting in Philippine Criminal Law: People v. Jamon

Learn how Philippine courts weigh witness credibility and abuse of superior strength in murder cases, as shown in People v. Jamon.

Weaponizing Intimacy: Rape With a Firearm and the Limits of the Sweetheart Defense

The Supreme Court affirms a rape conviction despite the sweetheart defense, ruling that intimacy never justifies sexual violence with a deadly weapon.

Parental Authority vs Child's Rights: Rape by a Father and the Limits of Criminal Allegations

Father convicted of raping his 14-year-old daughter twice; Supreme Court affirms guilt but reduces death penalty to reclusion perpetua for procedural defects in the information.

Res Gestae Exception: Admissibility of Spontaneous Statements in Philippine Homicide Cases

Learn how the Supreme Court applied the res gestae exception to admit a victim's spontaneous statement identifying his assailant in a homicide case.

When Authority Restrains Defining Arbitrary Detention IN THE Philippines

The Supreme Court clarifies that mere employees cannot be held liable for illegal recruitment absent proof of knowledge and active participation.

Victim Testimony Alone Sufficient for Rape Conviction Ensuring Justice for Minors in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court affirms that a minor victim's credible testimony alone can sustain a rape conviction, ensuring justice.

When a Final Conviction Can Be Corrected: Habeas Corpus and Illegal Penalties

A habeas corpus petition fails because a conviction was final, but the Court corrects an impossible penalty imposed by the trial court.

Retraction vs Truth: Evaluating Testimony in Philippine Rape Cases

How Philippine courts weigh a rape victim's testimony against retraction and alibi defenses, explained through a landmark child rape case.