Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 124 of 50 articles for civil action

When a Lawyer’s Personal Debt Isn’t Professional Misconduct: Palaganas v. Panganiban

The Supreme Court clarifies that administrative cases against lawyers are for professional misconduct, not debt collection, in Palaganas v. Panganiban.

When a Corporate Officer Escapes Civil Liability for a Bounced Check Under BP 22

The Supreme Court clarifies that an acquitted corporate officer cannot be held personally liable for a dishonored corporate check under BP 22.

Acquitted Corporate Officer Not Civilly Liable for Bouncing Check: Supreme Court Ruling

Supreme Court clarifies that a corporate officer acquitted of BP 22 violations cannot be held civilly liable for the dishonored check's value.

Death of the Accused and Criminal Liability: The Rodriguez v. Elorde Ruling

When an accused dies before final judgment, criminal liability is extinguished. But civil liability may survive—here's how.

Civil Liability After Criminal Acquittal: What the Llonillo Case Means

Philippine law allows civil liability to survive a criminal acquittal. Learn the rules and the Supreme Court's ruling in Llonillo.

Medical Malpractice in the Philippines: Proving Negligence After Nuñez vs. Daz

When is a bad medical outcome negligence? The Supreme Court's Nuñez ruling clarifies the high burden of proof in Philippine malpractice cases.

When Tax Assessments Are Not Required: Civil Liability in Philippine Tax Evasion Cases

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a formal BIR tax assessment is not required to hold taxpayers civilly liable in criminal tax evasion cases.

Employer and Vehicle Owner Liability: Solidary vs. Vicarious Under Philippine Law

When a driver causes an accident, liability depends on presence. Learn the difference between solidary and vicarious liability.

Heirship in Property Disputes: Can Ordinary Civil Actions Decide Inheritance?

The Supreme Court clarifies when heirship can be resolved in an ordinary civil action, not just special proceedings, for property disputes.

Prejudicial Question in the Philippines: Suspension, Not Dismissal, of Criminal Cases

A prejudicial question suspends, not dismisses, a criminal case. Learn the rule from a recent Supreme Court ruling.

Sula v. COMELEC: Supreme Court Upholds Cotabato City’s Inclusion in BARMM

Supreme Court affirms COMELEC’s conduct of the Bangsamoro plebiscite, upholding Cotabato City’s inclusion in BARMM as the people’s will.

Lifting of Mining Closure Orders Revives Writ of Kalikasan Petitions

Supreme Court rules that lifting DENR closure orders revives environmental claims, keeping Writ of Kalikasan petitions alive.

Tortious Interference vs. Intra-Corporate Dispute: Jurisdiction in Corporate Conflicts

The Supreme Court clarifies when a corporate conflict is a civil tort case or an intra-corporate dispute, and which court has jurisdiction.

Libel Venue in the Philippines: Where Can a Public Official File a Case?

Learn the rules on libel venue for public officials under the Revised Penal Code, as clarified by the Supreme Court.

Theft vs. Estafa in the Philippines: Key Distinctions and the Horca Case

Theft and estafa differ in possession and deceit. The Horca ruling shows why the distinction matters and how acquittal can still leave civil liability.

Estafa by Deceit in Property Sales: Lessons from Dulay v. People

The Supreme Court's ruling in Dulay v. People clarifies estafa by deceit in property transactions and the buyer's duty to verify ownership.

Foreign Spouses Can File for Marriage Nullity in the Philippines: The Ambrose Ruling

Foreign spouses married in the Philippines have legal standing to file for nullity of marriage, as clarified by the Supreme Court in Ambrose v. Suque-Ambrose.

Forcible Entry vs. Unlawful Detainer: A Philippine Property Owner’s Guide

Learn the difference between forcible entry and unlawful detainer in Philippine ejectment cases, and how the Supreme Court clarified the rules in a recent ruling.

Indispensable Parties in Labor Cases: Lessons from TESDA v. Abragar

Learn why impleading all indispensable parties is critical in labor disputes, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in TESDA v. Abragar.

Timely Intervention and Jurisdictional Limits in Philippine Estate Proceedings

Learn how the Constantino case clarifies intervention rules and probate court limits in Philippine estate proceedings.

When Procedural Lapses Yield to Substantial Justice: The Latogan Doctrine

The Supreme Court in Latogan v. People relaxed procedural rules to prevent a grave injustice, protecting a defendant's right to appeal a murder conviction.

Executing a Labor Judgment Does Not Bar Certiorari: Due Process in Labor Disputes

Forced compliance with a writ of execution does not waive an employer's right to challenge a labor ruling via certiorari, the Supreme Court held.

Quasi-Delict Claims Need No Reservation: Supreme Transport Ruling Explained

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that quasi-delict counterclaims may proceed without reservation in criminal cases, subject only to the ban on double recovery.

Revival of Judgment: Why It Must Be Filed with the RTC, Not the Court of Appeals

The Supreme Court clarifies that actions to revive a judgment must be filed with the Regional Trial Court, not the Court of Appeals.