Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 124 of 42 articles for social justice

Finality of Judgments: COA Cannot Reverse Absolved Parties' Liability

The Supreme Court rules that the COA cannot reverse a final decision absolving employee-recipients from refunding disallowed benefits, reinforcing finality principles.

When Approving Officers Must Refund Disallowed Amounts: The Net Disallowed Amount Rule

The Supreme Court clarifies that approving officers are liable only for the net disallowed amount, not the full expenditure, when payees are excused.

Presidential Approval Required for PCAB Rules: Cooperative Licensing Case

Supreme Court ruling: PCAB regulations on contractor licensing need presidential approval, protecting construction cooperatives from forced incorporation.

COA Disallowances When ARE Government Officials Personally Liable TO Refund

Supreme Court clarifies when government officials must refund disallowed benefits, distinguishing approving officers from mere recipients.

When Personal Misconduct Impacts Public Trust Philippine Supreme Court Ruling ON Employee Behavior

The Supreme Court clarifies liability rules when government officials receive disallowed benefits, distinguishing approving officers from mere recipients.

When a Sale Among Heirs Can Be Voided: PD 27 and Simulated Land Transfers

Learn when a sale of agrarian reform land among heirs is void under PD 27, based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Dela Cruz v. Dumasig.

Agrarian Reform Exclusion: Land Must Be Used Exclusively for Livestock Raising

The Supreme Court clarifies when lands may be excluded from CARP coverage for livestock raising and why good faith matters.

Public Purpose in Government Loans to Private Entities: The Bawasanta Case

When can local governments lend public funds to private entities? The Supreme Court clarifies the public purpose rule in Bawasanta v. People.

Navigating Liability in Government Housing Loan Disbursements: Insights from a Landmark COA Ruling

Learn how the Supreme Court rules on COA disallowances, good faith defenses, and liability for government employees who received disallowed benefits.

Navigating Accountability in Government Procurement: Lessons from a Landmark Philippine Supreme Court Ruling

A Supreme Court ruling on CNA incentives clarifies when government employees must refund disallowed funds and how special funds may be spent.

Valid Dismissal and Separation Pay: Key Lessons from a 2020 Supreme Court Ruling

A 2020 Supreme Court ruling clarifies when dismissal for willful disobedience is valid and when separation pay may—or may not—be granted.

Right to Repurchase Homestead Land: Key Supreme Court Ruling Explained

The Supreme Court reaffirms a homesteader's right to repurchase sold land within five years under Section 119 of the Public Land Act.

Illegal Dismissal of OFWs: Full Contract Pay Upheld by Supreme Court

The Supreme Court reaffirms that illegally dismissed OFWs are entitled to their full salaries for the unexpired portion of their contracts, striking down the three-month cap.

Loss of Trust and Confidence: When a Supervisor's Single Mistake Justifies Dismissal

Supreme Court ruling on when a nurse supervisor's unauthorized taking of hospital supplies justifies dismissal for loss of trust and confidence.

Striking a Balance: Upholding Agrarian Justice Without Sacrificing Procedural Rules

The Supreme Court reminds appellate courts that minor procedural lapses should not defeat the right to appeal, especially in agrarian cases involving social justice.

When Business Closure Is Valid: Employer Prerogative vs. Employee Security

The Supreme Court explains when a company may validly close operations and terminate employees, and how workers can challenge the closure.

Reinstatement Orders of Voluntary Arbitrators Are Immediately Executory—Even Pending Appeal

The Supreme Court confirms that reinstatement orders by Voluntary Arbitrators are immediately executory, even pending appeal, protecting workers' security of tenure.

Separation Pay After Valid Dismissal: When Social Justice Does Not Apply

The Supreme Court clarifies when a validly dismissed employee may still receive separation pay, and when social justice arguments fail.

Laches and Land Ownership: Registered Titles Prevail Despite Delayed Action

The Supreme Court clarifies that laches cannot bar a registered landowner's right to recover property, reaffirming the strength of Torrens titles.

Tenant Rights vs Landowner Rights in the Philippines: Understanding Tenancy and Agricultural Land Law

A look at Philippine tenancy law, balancing tenant rights and landowner rights under agricultural land reform and related statutes.

SSS Death Benefits: Does Legal Separation Bar a Spouse’s Claim?

Legal marriage alone does not guarantee SSS death benefits—surviving spouses must prove actual dependency, especially after separation.

Security of Tenure vs Academic Standards: The St. Mary's Academy Case

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on premature dismissal of teachers who failed the LET, balancing security of tenure with professional regulation.

Cooperative Members' Deposit Interest Exempt from Final Withholding Tax: DCCCO v. CIR

The Supreme Court ruled that cooperatives need not withhold 20% final tax on members' deposit interest, citing social justice.

Drug Testing and Constitutional Rights: The Supreme Court's Balancing Act in the Philippines

The Supreme Court upheld random drug testing for students and employees but struck down mandatory tests for candidates and accused persons.