Legal Insights

Voluntary Resignation vs Illegal Dismissal: When a Resignation Letter Holds Up in Court

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a resignation is truly voluntary and not illegal dismissal, protecting employers who accept resignations in good faith.

Regular vs Project Employees: SSS Coverage and Employer Obligations

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that project employees are still covered by compulsory SSS, and employers must remit contributions regardless of tenure.

Can Employers Restrict Employee Marriages to Competitors? The Glaxo Case

The Supreme Court upholds a drug company's policy against employees marrying competitor employees, citing management prerogative and conflict-of-interest prevention.

Burden of Proof in Illegal Dismissal: Employers Must Substantiate Theft Allegations

In illegal dismissal cases, employers bear the burden of proving just cause with clear and convincing evidence, not relying on weak employee defenses.

Fixed-Term Contracts vs Regular Employment: What Employers and Workers Must Know

A Supreme Court ruling explains when fixed-term employment is valid and how it differs from regular employment under Philippine labor law.

Can Employers Withhold Wages for Loan Guarantees or Training Bonds? SC Says No

Philippine Supreme Court rules employers cannot withhold wages or benefits as lien for car loan guarantees or training expenses. Learn the limits.

Traffic Violations and Negligence: When a Bus Driver's Overtaking Causes Liability

A bus driver who overtakes despite an oncoming car is negligent. Employers must prove diligence in supervision to avoid liability.

Constructive Dismissal: Demotion and Salary Reduction as Grounds for Illegal Termination

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on constructive dismissal through demotion and salary reduction, explained in plain language for employees and employers.

Illegal Dismissal and Abandonment: What Employers Must Prove in Philippine Labor Cases

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies abandonment and due process requirements in illegal dismissal cases, protecting employee rights under the Labor Code.

Business Losses vs Labor Rights: Separation Pay Eligibility in Company Closures

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when serious business losses exempt employers from paying separation pay under Article 283 of the Labor Code.

Illegal Strikes and Employee Dismissal: What the Supreme Court Says

Learn when union officers and members can be dismissed for illegal strikes, and the due process rules employers must follow.

Illegal Dismissal: Employers Must Prove Just Cause AND Due Process Before Termination

Philippine Supreme Court ruling clarifies that employers must prove both just cause and procedural due process to avoid liability for illegal dismissal.

Breach of Trust Justifies Dismissal: Employers' Right to Terminate Probationary Employment

Supreme Court rules dishonesty and breach of trust justify terminating a probationary employee before the six-month period ends.

Breach OF Trust AN Employers Right TO Terminate FOR Misrepresentation

Vicarious Liability of Employers: Proving Due Diligence in Employee Negligence Cases

Employers must prove due diligence in selecting and supervising employees to avoid vicarious liability under Article 2180 of the Civil Code.

Upholding Termination: The Standard of Proof in Labor Cases Involving Employee Misconduct

Philippine Airlines vs. Tongson clarifies the substantial evidence standard employers must meet when dismissing employees for misconduct.

Employers Role IN Union Certification When IS AN Employer More Than Just A Bystander

Retrenchment During Financial Strain: Employers' Right to Minimize Losses

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when employers may validly retrench workers during business losses, including evidence rules on appeal.

Breach of Trust in Employment: When Loss of Confidence Justifies Termination

Explaining when Philippine employers may validly dismiss employees for breach of trust, based on a Supreme Court ruling on cashiers and tellers.

Illegal Dismissal: Employers Must Substantiate Claims and Observe Due Process

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on Atlas Farms v. NLRC clarifies employer burden of proof in illegal dismissal cases and due process requirements.

Premature Lawsuits Against Employers for Employee Defamation: Key Lessons from IFFI v. Argos

Employers cannot be sued for subsidiary liability in defamation cases before the employee is convicted. Learn the rules from this Philippine Supreme Court case.

Redundancy vs Illegal Dismissal: Employer’s Burden to Prove Just Cause

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that redundancy requires proof of good faith and fair process; employers must justify dismissals.

Breach OF Trust IN Employment Upholding Employers Right TO Terminate FOR Misconduct

Employer Subsidiary Liability in Philippine Criminal Law: The Catacutan Doctrine

Philippine employers can be held subsidiarily liable for damages from employees' criminal negligence. Learn the rules from Catacutan v. Heirs of Kadusale.