Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 433456 of 521 articles for loan

Court Employees' Private Misconduct: When Personal Dealings Undermine Public Trust

A Supreme Court ruling reminds court employees that honesty and integrity are required even in their personal and private dealings.

Usurious Loans and Mortgage Validity When Interest Exceeds Legal Limits in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on usurious loans: when hidden interest voids a mortgage and what borrowers and lenders should know.

When Do Labor Tribunals Have Jurisdiction Over Employer Claims? Esico v. Alphaland

The Supreme Court clarifies when labor tribunals, not regular courts, hear employer claims for damages arising from an employee's resignation.

Piercing the Corporate Veil: When Does a Corporation Assume Another's Debt

The Supreme Court clarifies when a corporation may be held liable for another company's debts, and when the corporate veil cannot be pierced.

Piercing the Corporate Veil: When a Bank Isn't Liable for a Foreclosed Firm's Debts

PNB acquired PASUMIL's foreclosed assets but wasn't liable for its debts. The Supreme Court explains when corporate veil piercing applies.

Residential vs Agricultural Land: Resolving Land Use Classification and Tenant Rights

Supreme Court clarifies when land is residential and exempt from agrarian reform, plus the rules on irrevocable agency coupled with interest.

Personal Liability in Corporate Obligations When Signing Blurs the Line

When do corporate officers become personally liable for company debts? A Supreme Court ruling on trust receipts and letters of credit provides clear guidance.

Priority in Litigation: Determining Which Case Prevails in Overlapping Contract Disputes

Learn how Philippine courts resolve overlapping contract disputes and which case prevails when judgments appear to conflict.

Upholding Contractual Agreements: Trust Receipts and Surety Agreements in Loan Obligations

The Supreme Court reaffirms that contracts are the law between parties, enforcing stipulated interest, penalties, and service charges in trust receipt loan transactions.

Interest on Penalties: The Limits of Compounding in Loan Obligations

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when interest may be charged on unpaid penalty charges in loan contracts, and when courts may reduce unconscionable penalties.

Simulated Sales in Philippine Law: Why Fictitious Contracts Are Void

A simulated deed of sale has no legal effect, and the resulting title must be cancelled. The Supreme Court explains why in pari delicto does not apply to fictitious contracts.

Foreclosure and the Right to Possession: Protecting Bank Assets in Liquidation

A bank in liquidation can still seek a writ of possession over foreclosed property. Learn the rules on jurisdiction, intervention, and redemption.

Chattel vs Real Property: How Mortgage Classification Affects Foreclosure Rights

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when machinery is chattel or real property, and why classification determines what a mortgage covers.

Bank Liability for Premature Foreclosure and Dishonored Deposits

When can a bank be liable for damages? The Supreme Court rules on premature foreclosure, dishonored checks, and bad faith.

Unregistered Land Sale Prevails Over Registered Mortgage Protecting Prior Ownership Rights

When an unregistered sale precedes a mortgage, the buyer's prior ownership rights can defeat the mortgagee's registered claims.

Mortgagee as Indispensable Party in Title Nullification Suits: Key Lessons

A mortgagee must be joined in suits to nullify a Torrens title; otherwise, the resulting judgment is void for lack of jurisdiction.

Indispensable Parties Protecting Mortgagee Rights In Title Nullification Suits

When a title nullification suit omits the mortgagee, the resulting judgment is void. The Supreme Court explains why.

Prescription in Anti-Graft Cases: When Does the Clock Start Ticking?

The Supreme Court clarifies when the prescriptive period for anti-graft cases begins, distinguishing discovery from commission of the offense.

When Corporate Veil Claims Fail: Lessons from the Behest Loan Case

The Supreme Court explains when the Ombudsman may dismiss fraud complaints against corporate officers and why evidence of conspiracy matters.

PNB v. Ritrato Group: Suing the Wrong Party in Foreclosure Disputes

Learn why the Supreme Court dismissed an injunction suit against PNB, a mere attorney-in-fact, and how corporate veil piercing works.

Bouncing Checks and Insufficient Notice: Protecting Individuals From Unjust Convictions

The Supreme Court acquits a check issuer because the prosecution failed to prove receipt of notice of dishonor, a key element under BP 22.

Writ of Possession: Buyer's Right After Foreclosure Despite Pending Disputes

After foreclosure and failed redemption, a property buyer can obtain a writ of possession even if the former owner raises objections. Learn the rules.

When Can a Lawyer Be Disciplined? IBP Jurisdiction Over Attorney Misconduct and Private Debts

A lawyer who ignores IBP orders can face sanctions even when the underlying complaint involves a private debt. Learn the rules.

Prescription Periods in Graft Cases: The Discovery Rule for Ill-Gotten Wealth

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when the prescription period for graft cases begins—from discovery, not commission, of the offense.