Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 7396 of 148 articles for collateral

Why Torrens Titles Are Indefeasible: Collateral Attacks and Good Faith Buyers

Philippine law protects Torrens titles from collateral attack. Learn the rules on direct challenges, indispensable parties, and good faith buyers.

Heirship Disputes Must Be Resolved in Special Proceedings, Not Ordinary Civil Actions

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that determining legal heirs requires a special proceeding, not an ordinary action for reconveyance.

Double Insurance Claims: When CBA Hospitalization Benefits Exclude Other Insurer Payments

Philippine Supreme Court rules on whether CBA hospitalization benefits can be claimed alongside other health insurance payments. Key ruling explained.

Public Space vs Private Gain: When Loan Agreements Undermine Public Land Rights

Supreme Court rules loans secured by public plaza are void; public dominion property cannot be collateralized for commercial ventures.

Breach of Public Trust: When Dismissal in Government Service Fails Due Process

A Supreme Court ruling on why a government employee's dismissal for insubordination was void for violating due process requirements.

Trust Receipt vs. Loan: When a Security Agreement Becomes a Debt

Philippine Supreme Court ruling clarifies when a trust receipt arrangement is actually a loan, affecting liability and criminal exposure.

Admonishing Delay in Executing Final Judgments: A Lesson for Judges

Sandiganbayan justices admonished for delaying execution of a final conviction, highlighting the ministerial duty to implement judgments promptly.

Loan Restructuring vs Foreclosure: Borrower Rights in the Philippines

When does a pending loan restructuring stop a bank from foreclosing? The Supreme Court explains borrower rights and limits.

When a Judge's Side Business Crosses the Line: Lessons from Luarca v. Molato

The Supreme Court clarifies when a judge's involvement in a spouse's business becomes an administrative offense, and what judges must avoid.

Navigating Inconsistencies in Rape Testimony: Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence

The Supreme Court clarifies when inconsistencies in a rape victim's testimony matter and when they do not, acquitting on three counts but convicting on one.

Substantial Evidence in Administrative Cases: Why Photocopies and Hearsay Don't Suffice

Learn how Philippine courts treat photocopies and hearsay in administrative cases, and why substantial evidence remains the standard.

Unmarried Couples and Property Rights in the Philippines: Proving Co-Ownership

Unmarried couples in the Philippines must prove actual joint contribution to co-own property. Learn the rules from Lacbayan v. Samoy.

When Quitclaims and Waivers Over Agrarian Land Are Void: Lessons from Lebrudo v. Loyola

Philippine Supreme Court explains when waivers over agrarian reform land are void, protecting farmer-beneficiaries from losing their awarded property.

Reimbursement Rights When a Payor Can Recover Debt Paid on Another's Behalf

When can a co-maker recover payment made on a debtor's loan? The Supreme Court explains Article 1236 reimbursement rules.

HLURB Jurisdiction Over Condominium Disputes: Peralta v. De Leon Explained

Learn how the Supreme Court affirmed HLURB's exclusive jurisdiction over condominium buyer-developer disputes in Peralta v. De Leon.

Continuing Suretyship Scope and Enforceability in Loan Renewals

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on whether a continuing suretyship covers renewed credit facilities and subsequent loan availments.

When Cross Collateral Clauses Clash With Verbal Agreements: Understanding Mortgage Obligations

The Supreme Court clarifies that bank branch managers cannot verbally alter mortgage contracts containing cross-collateral or dragnet clauses.

Torrens Title Prevails Over Unregistered Deed in Possession Dispute

Supreme Court rules registered owners have better right to possession than occupants holding unregistered deeds, even notarized ones.

Good Faith and Land Titles: Resolving Ownership Disputes in the Philippines

Learn how the Supreme Court balances Torrens titles against good faith in ownership disputes, and why buyers must investigate suspicious circumstances.

Untangling Rescission: Prescription Periods in Philippine Property Sales

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when the four-year prescriptive period for rescission of a sale starts, using the Quirong v. DBP case.

Easement of Right of Way: Actual Knowledge Binds Even Without Registration

A registered owner cannot ignore an existing right of way he knows about, even if the easement is not annotated on the title.

Unjust Refusal of Payment: When Creditors Must Accept Loan Proceeds

Explaining when a creditor's unjust refusal to accept payment has legal consequences, and why tender and consignation still matter under Philippine law.

Default and Foreclosure: When Accepting Late Payments Waives the Right to Foreclose

A lender who accepts late and partial payments after a borrower's default may waive the right to foreclose. Learn the rule from this Philippine case.

Reconveyance Actions and Good Faith: Clarifying Property Rights in the Philippines

The Supreme Court explains res judicata and good faith in reconveyance actions, protecting banks that rely on court-issued titles.