Legal Insights

Indirect Employers' Solidary Liability: Protecting Workers' Monetary Claims Under the Labor Code

Explaining the Supreme Court ruling on indirect employers' solidary liability for workers' wages, 13th month pay, and other monetary benefits.

Unlawful Withholding of Salary Constitutes Constructive Dismissal: An Employer's Guide

Learn how unlawful salary withholding can amount to constructive dismissal under Philippine labor law, and what employers must avoid.

Illegal Strikes and Reinstatement: Balancing Rights and Responsibilities in Labor Disputes

Philippine law on illegal strikes and reinstatement: what workers and employers must know about protected concerted activity and its limits.

Employers Prerogative VS Employee Rights Understanding Valid Transfers AND Dismissals

Learn how Philippine courts balance management prerogative against employee security of tenure in transfer and dismissal disputes.

When Aura Clashes With Labor LAW Employers Burden IN Termination Cases

Loss of Trust and Confidence: Employers' Burden of Proof in Termination Cases

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on loss of trust and confidence as a valid ground for employee dismissal, and the employer's burden of proof.

Employer Liability in Criminal Negligence Cases: When Subsidiary, Not Solidary, Liability Applies

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when employers face subsidiary versus solidary liability for employee crimes like reckless imprudence.

Employer Liability in Criminal Cases: When Civil Liability Is Only Subsidiary

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when employers are subsidiarily liable for employee crimes, distinguishing quasi-delict from criminal civil liability.

Dishonesty at Work: Employees’ Duty and Employers’ Right to Terminate

When can an employer validly dismiss an employee for dishonesty? The Supreme Court explains in Maribago Bluewater v. Dual.

Employer Liability for Employee Negligence: The Rule on Vicarious Responsibility in the Philippines

Philippine law makes employers solidarily liable for employee negligence unless they prove diligent selection and supervision. Learn the rule from a Supreme Court case.

Constructive Dismissal and the Burden of Proof in Illegal Termination Cases

Understand the burden of proof in illegal termination cases, including constructive dismissal, and what employees and employers must establish.

Burden of Proof in Labor Disputes: Employers Must Show Wage Compliance

In Dansart Security Force v. Bagoy, the Supreme Court ruled that employers bear the burden of proving payment of wages and monetary benefits to employees.

Due Process in Termination: The Two-Notice Rule and Just Cause in Philippine Labor Law

Philippine law requires employers to follow the two-notice rule and prove just cause before dismissing an employee. This case explains both requirements.

Proving Illegal Dismissal: The Employee's Burden to Establish Termination

Employees must first prove they were dismissed before employers must justify termination. Learn the rules from a Supreme Court ruling.

Establishing Illegal Dismissal: The Employee's Burden to Prove Dismissal First

Employees must first prove they were dismissed before employers must justify termination. A Supreme Court ruling explains the evidence required.

Abandonment Defense in Illegal Dismissal Cases Requires Proof and Notice

Employers claiming abandonment as a defense to illegal dismissal must prove it with clear evidence and serve two required notices.

Probationary Employment vs Fixed-Term Contracts: What Schools Must Prove to Avoid Illegal Dismissal Claims

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies how probationary employment rules apply to teachers on fixed-term contracts, and what employers must prove.

Compassionate Justice vs Legal Obligation: Limits of Financial Assistance in Authorized Dismissals

Supreme Court rules employers cannot be forced to pay extra financial assistance beyond separation pay mandated by law for valid closures.

When Government Corporations Are Not Employers: The LRTA Case on Labor Jurisdiction

The Supreme Court clarifies when government-owned corporations with original charters fall outside labor arbiter jurisdiction, using the LRTA-METRO case.

Due Process in Union Expulsion: Protecting Workers From Unfair Dismissal

The Supreme Court clarifies that employers must observe procedural due process before dismissing workers under a union security clause.

Illegal Dismissal and Serious Misconduct as Just Cause for Termination

A Philippine Supreme Court ruling explains when misconduct justifies dismissal, why the penalty must fit the offense, and how employers must prove a valid termination.

Dismissal Based ON Misconduct AND Loss OF Confidence AN Employers Right TO Terminate

DUE Process IN Dismissal Employers Must Provide Fair Opportunity TO Respond

Vacation Leave and Training Costs: Balancing Employer Discretion and Employee Rights

The Supreme Court ruled that employers may schedule vacation leave under a CBA, but cannot pass in-service training costs to security guards. Learn what this means.