Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 29532976 of 3,200 articles for court of appeals

Valid Substituted Service: How Philippine Courts Can Serve Summons Without Personal Delivery

Learn when substituted service of summons is valid in Philippine courts, what the sheriff's return must show, and how to challenge a default order.

Reconstitution of Burned Court Records: When Late Filing Is Not Fatal

Supreme Court clarifies that failure to file for reconstitution of burned court records within six months does not automatically bar the remedy.

Filing Fees in Philippine Election Protests: Jurisdictional Rules and Timelines

Philippine election protest filing fees are jurisdictional. Late payment does not cure defects. Learn the rules and deadlines.

Selling a Homestead Too Soon in the Philippines Can Cost You Everything

Philippine law bars selling homestead land within five years of the patent. Learn the rule and its consequences.

Palpable Mistakes in Stipulations: Correcting Factual Errors in Philippine Courts

Philippine courts may correct factual errors in stipulations when made through palpable mistake, as shown in Atlas Consolidated Mining v. CIR.

Simulated Sales in Philippine Property Law: Intent, Foreign Ownership, and the Blanco v. Quasha Precedent

Learn how Philippine courts determine simulated sales, why intent matters, and the key lessons from Blanco v. Quasha on property transactions.

When Court Errors Are Judicial, Not Administrative: A Guide for Litigants

The Supreme Court clarifies when a judge's error is a judicial matter for appeal, not an administrative case for discipline.

Execution Pending Appeal in the Philippines: When Can a Judgment Be Enforced Immediately?

Learn when Philippine courts may allow execution pending appeal, the good reasons required, and the safeguards protecting a losing party's right to appeal.

Mechanic’s Lien in the Philippines: What Auto Repair Shops Must Know

Understand the mechanic's lien under Philippine law, its legal basis, and how the Supreme Court protects repair shops' right to payment.

Breach of Contract in the Philippines: Rescission and the Risks of Buying Property with a Notice of Lis Penden

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on rescission, reciprocal obligations, and why a notice of lis pendens binds any buyer of disputed property.

Legally Binding Family Agreements: Extrajudicial Settlements and Inheritance in the Philippines

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on extrajudicial settlements, forgery claims, prescription, and laches in family inheritance disputes.

Homestead Redemption After Foreclosure: The 5-Year Right Under the Public Land Act

Homesteaders have a five-year right to repurchase foreclosed land under the Public Land Act, even after a bank consolidates title.

Lis Pendens and Due Diligence: Why Philippine Property Buyers Must Investigate Title Defects

Learn how the lis pendens rule and the Po Lam case show why Philippine property buyers must go beyond a title check to avoid costly legal disputes.

Legal Interest in Philippine Judgments: Simple vs. Compound Interest Explained

Philippine courts apply simple legal interest on monetary judgments unless compound interest is explicitly stipulated. Learn the rules from David vs. Court of Appeals.

When Does Withholding Tax Obligation Arise? Filipinas Synthetic Fiber Corp. v. CA

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when the duty to withhold tax on payments to foreign corporations arises—at accrual or payment.

Birth Certificate vs Baptismal Certificate: Proving Filiation in Philippine Inheritance Law

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on why birth certificates outweigh baptismal certificates in proving filiation for inheritance claims.

Equitable Mortgage vs. Pacto de Retro Sale: When a "Sale" Is Really a Loan

Philippine courts look beyond contract labels. Learn how Articles 1602 and 1603 protect borrowers from disguised loans and unfair foreclosure.

Fishpond Ownership in the Philippines: When BFAR Jurisdiction Overrides Court Decisions

Philippine courts cannot declare private ownership over public land designated for fishponds—only BFAR holds that authority. Learn the rules.

Enforcing Foreign Judgments in the Philippines: Lessons from Oil and Natural Gas Commission v. Pacific Cement

A Philippine Supreme Court case clarifies when foreign judgments are enforceable and how courts interpret arbitration clauses in commercial contracts.

Hlurb Jurisdiction Prevails Ensuring THE Right Forum FOR Land Dispute Resolution IN THE Philippines

Learn how the Supreme Court clarified expropriation rules under the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure, including writ of possession and just compensation requirements.

Tortious Interference in the Philippines: Upholding Contractual Rights in Business Disputes

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies tortious interference with contract elements, malice requirement, and attorney's fees in business lease disputes.

Equitable Mortgage vs. Sale With Right to Repurchase: Philippine Supreme Court Ruling

Philippine Supreme Court explains when a "sale with right to repurchase" is actually an equitable mortgage, protecting borrowers from unfair foreclosure.

Condition Precedent in Philippine Contracts: Ensuring Clear Title Before Purchase

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when a buyer's obligation to purchase depends on the seller's prior compliance with a condition precedent.

Citizen Watchdogs and Libel: The Vasquez Standard for Criticizing Public Officials

The Supreme Court acquits a citizen who denounced a barangay chairman, clarifying libel law for public officials in the Philippines.