Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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When Absence Is Not Abandonment: Understanding Illegal Dismissal in Philippine Labor Law
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when an employee's absences do not amount to abandonment, protecting workers from illegal dismissal.
Probationary Employment in the Philippines: Security of Tenure and Illegal Dismissal
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on probationary employees' security of tenure and illegal dismissal, explained in plain language.
Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Understanding Your Rights to Backwages and Separation Pay
Learn what illegal dismissal means in the Philippines, including your rights to full backwages, separation pay, and attorney's fees under the Labor Code.
Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Abandonment and Due Process in Kams International v. NLRC
Learn how the Supreme Court defined abandonment and the twin-notice rule in illegal dismissal cases, explained through the Kams International case.
Protecting Seafarers From Illegal Dismissal: Employer Burden of Proof in Philippine Maritime Law
Learn how the Supreme Court protects Filipino seafarers from illegal dismissal and what employers must prove to justify early repatriation.
Illegal Dismissal vs Constructive Dismissal: Union Formation and Employee Rights
Understand illegal dismissal versus constructive dismissal through Mark Roche International v. NLRC, a landmark Philippine labor case on union formation.
Illegal Dismissal and Early Retirement: Protecting Employees from Unjust Termination
The Supreme Court clarifies when a demotion becomes illegal dismissal and the rules on optional retirement under Philippine labor law.
Illegal Dismissal Back Wages: Balancing Employee Rights and Employer Discipline in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on back wages for illegally dismissed employees, balancing security of tenure with employer discipline.
Individual Proof IS KEY IN Illegal Dismissal Cases Understanding Employee Status IN Philippine Labor LAW
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on regular vs. seasonal employment and why individual proof is required in illegal dismissal claims.
Unsubstantiated Accusations in Employee Dismissal: Philippine Labor Law and Due Process
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on regular employment, seasonal work, and the burden of proof in illegal dismissal cases.
Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Why Employers Bear the Burden of Proof
In illegal dismissal cases, Philippine law places the burden of proof on the employer. Learn the rules from Austria v. NLRC.
Project Employee vs Regular Employee: Fixed-Term Contracts and Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when project employees become regular, and why fixed-term contracts do not permit illegal dismissal.
When Negligence Isnt Gross Understanding Illegal Dismissal IN THE Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when employee negligence is not "gross" enough to justify dismissal under the Labor Code.
Abandonment vs. AWOL: When Unauthorized Absence Is Not Illegal Dismissal
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when unauthorized absences amount to abandonment of work, and when they only merit suspension instead of dismissal.
Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Proving Your Case Even Without a Termination Letter
Illegal dismissal can be proven even without a termination letter. Learn the rules from a Philippine Supreme Court ruling.
Employer-Employee Relationship and the Control Test: Lessons from Villa v. NLRC
The Supreme Court's ruling in Villa v. NLRC clarifies the control test in employer-employee relationships and the rules on evidence in illegal dismissal cases.
Job Abandonment vs Illegal Dismissal: Employee Rights and Employer Obligations in the Philippines
Learn how Philippine courts distinguish voluntary resignation from illegal dismissal, and what employers must prove to avoid liability for back wages.
Misconduct vs Initiative: Navigating Employee Discipline and Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when a supervisor's irregular acts constitute grave misconduct or mere initiative, and the limits of dismissal as a penalty.
Protecting Employee Rights Understanding Illegal Dismissal AND DUE Process IN THE Philippines
Security of Tenure Prevails: Understanding Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines
Explore the Salafranca case on illegal dismissal, security of tenure, and due process for regular employees in the Philippines.
Full Backwages for Illegal Dismissal: What R.A. 6715 Changed for Philippine Employees
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies full backwages rule under R.A. 6715—no deduction of earnings elsewhere, plus reinstatement rights explained.
Illegal Dismissal: Reinstatement Orders Are Self-Executory Even Pending Appeal
When a Labor Arbiter orders reinstatement, the employer must immediately comply—even if it appeals. This case explains the rule.
Wage Distortion In The Philippines Understanding Collective Bargaining And Legal Remedies
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies wage distortion, collective bargaining rights, and legal remedies for employees facing demotion or illegal dismissal.
Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Understanding Your Right to Back Wages
The Supreme Court clarifies when private school teachers gain permanent status, what constitutes illegal dismissal, and how back wages are computed.