Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 121–130 of 130 articles for “obligations”

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May 17, 1999 mortgage foreclosure debtor death extrajudicial foreclosure estate claims real estate law

Mortgage Foreclosure After Death of a Debtor: Creditor Options in the Philippines

When a mortgagor dies, creditors have three legal options. Learn how extrajudicial foreclosure works under Philippine law.

Aug 11, 1998 agrarian reform security of tenure agricultural leasehold tenant farmers ra 3844 supreme court

Security of Tenure for Tenant Farmers: Upholding Leasehold Rights in the Philippines

The Supreme Court reaffirmed tenant farmers' security of tenure, ruling that land sale does not extinguish agricultural leasehold rights.

Jul 28, 1998 contract to sell specific performance real estate law breach of contract philippine supreme court

Buyer’s Right to Specific Performance When a Seller Backs Out of a Contract to Sell

Philippine Supreme Court ruling clarifies that sellers cannot unilaterally rescind a Contract to Sell, and buyers may sue for specific performance.

May 5, 1998 surety guaranty civil law contract law liability supreme court

Surety vs. Guaranty in Philippine Law: Key Differences and Liability

Learn the difference between surety and guaranty under Philippine law, and why contract wording—not titles—determines your liability.

Mar 10, 1998 labor law control test employee classification volunteer employer-employee relationship

Volunteer or Employee? The Control Test in Philippine Labor Law

Learn how the control test determines employee status in the Philippines, using the landmark Filipinas Broadcasting v. NLRC case.

Jan 19, 1998 labor law employer-employee relationship partnership illegal dismissal burden of proof supreme court

Employee vs. Partner in the Philippines: The Villaruel Case on Proof of Partnership

When is a worker an employee, not a partner? The Villaruel case clarifies the burden of proof and protects workers' labor rights.

Oct 9, 1997 real estate law conditional sale absolute sale property ownership civil code double sale

Conditional vs. Absolute Sale: How Philippine Courts Determine True Property Ownership

Philippine courts look beyond contract labels to determine if a sale is absolute or conditional. Learn the key rules from a landmark Supreme Court case.

Jul 7, 1997 right of repurchase pacto de retro real estate law dacion en pago civil code

Right of Repurchase in Philippine Real Estate: Pacto de Retro Rules Explained

Learn the rules on pacto de retro sales and the right of repurchase in Philippine real estate, including annotation duties and judicial requirements.

Nov 12, 1996 successor liability labor law illegal dismissal caliguia business transfer employee rights

Successor Liability in Philippine Labor Law: When New Owners Inherit Labor Obligations

Learn when a successor company inherits a predecessor's labor obligations under Philippine law, based on the Caliguia ruling.

Oct 17, 1996 labor law check-off union dues collective bargaining agreement employer liability

Check-Off Provisions in Philippine Labor Law: Employer Liability for Uncollected Union Dues

When an employer fails to deduct union dues under a CBA check-off, is it liable for the uncollected amount? The Supreme Court clarifies.