Legal Insights

Admissibility vs Probative Value in Illegal Dismissal Cases: Burden of Proof on Employers

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that admissible evidence may still lack probative value in illegal dismissal cases, reaffirming employer's burden of proof.

Self-Defense and Unlawful Aggression: Burden of Proof in Philippine Homicide Cases

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on self-defense, unlawful aggression, and the accused's burden of proof in homicide cases.

Burden of Proof in Sexual Harassment Cases: Substantial Evidence Required

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that sexual harassment complaints must be proven by substantial evidence, not bare allegations, in administrative cases.

Abandonment vs Illegal Dismissal: Proving Intent to Abandon Employment

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the two requisites for valid dismissal due to abandonment, emphasizing employer's burden of proof.

Burden of Proof in Constructive Dismissal Cases Philippine Labor Law Explained

Understand the burden of proof in constructive dismissal cases under Philippine labor law, and how employees can establish illegal dismissal claims.

Burden of Proof in Labor Cases: Supreme Court Upholds Employee Rights in Wage Disputes

Philippine Supreme Court ruling clarifies that employers bear the burden of proof in labor standards cases, protecting workers' claims for unpaid wages.

Illegal Dismissal: Employer's Burden of Proof and the Defense of Abandonment

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies that employers bear the burden of proof in illegal dismissal cases, and abandonment cannot be presumed from mere absence.

Constructive Dismissal When Employer Actions Force Employee Resignation

Understand constructive dismissal in Philippine labor law, when employer actions force resignation, and the burden of proof on employers.

Vitiated Consent in Marriage: Duress, Intimidation, and the Burden of Proof

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies what proves duress or intimidation in marriage annulment cases and the damages that follow.

Balancing Right to Work and Employer Prerogative: Absences and Termination

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when excessive absences justify dismissal, emphasizing proportional penalties and employer burden of proof.

Dismissal of Administrative Complaint Against Court Interpreter: Burden of Proof in Administrative Cases

Administrative complaints require substantial evidence; mere allegations and assumptions are insufficient to hold court personnel liable for misconduct.

Court Interpreter Cleared of Administrative Charges for Lack of Evidence

Supreme Court dismisses administrative complaint against court interpreter, stressing complainant's burden of proof in administrative cases.

Rape, Silence, and the Burden of Proof: Lessons from People v. Magallones

The Supreme Court clarifies that a rape victim's silence or lack of physical resistance does not negate force or intimidation.

Illegal Dismissal in the Philippines: Understanding Abandonment and the Employer's Burden of Proof

Learn how Philippine courts decide illegal dismissal cases involving abandonment, and why employers must prove just cause and observe due process.

Burden of Proof in Philippine Contract Law: Why Evidence Matters in Usage-Based Agreements

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on Skippers United Pacific v. NLRC clarifies employer burden of proof in seafarer dismissal cases and evidentiary standards.

Burden of Proof in Bank Overdraft Claims: Security Bank v. Gan

Banks must prove overdraft claims with competent evidence; ledger entries alone are insufficient when the entrant lacks personal knowledge.

Illegal Dismissal Burden of Proof: Employer Must Substantiate Abandonment Claims

In Velasco v. NLRC, the Supreme Court clarified that employers bear the burden of proving abandonment in illegal dismissal cases, and that separation pay does not replace backwages.

Gocc Labor Disputes: Jurisdiction and Corporate Veil in Illegal Dismissal Cases

Learn how Philippine courts decide illegal dismissal cases involving voluntary resignation, burden of proof, and corporate liability.

Unmasking Fraud in Property Deals: Supreme Court Clarifies Burden of Proof

The Supreme Court clarifies that fraud in property sales must be proven with clear evidence, not bare allegations.

Upholding Notarized Deeds: Why Mere Denial Isnt Enough in Philippine Property Disputes

A Supreme Court ruling clarifies that a notarized deed of sale cannot be overturned by a seller's bare denial, explaining the burden of proof in property disputes.

Due Process in Employee Dismissal: Philippine Supreme Court Case Analysis

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on illegal dismissal, loss of trust and confidence, and the employer's burden of proof in termination cases.

Burden of Proof in Insurance Claims: Insurers Must Prove Policy Exclusions Apply

When an insurer denies a claim citing a policy exclusion, Philippine law requires the insurer to prove the exception applies—mere suspicion is not enough.

Probate of Wills in the Philippines: Burden of Proof and Testamentary Capacity Explained

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies the burden of proof in will probate and the test for testamentary capacity under the Civil Code.

Illegal Dismissal Case: Employer's Burden of Proof in Misappropriation Claims

MERALCO v. NLRC clarifies that employers bear the burden of proof in illegal dismissal cases, even for misappropriation charges.