Legal Insights
Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.
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Foreclosure Surplus: Mortgagor's Right to Excess Proceeds After Debt Recomputation
When a foreclosure sale yields more than the actual debt, the mortgagor is entitled to the surplus—with interest.
Retirement Benefits: Employer's Duty Beyond Initial Retirement
Retired employee continues working; Supreme Court clarifies prescription, retirement pay computation, and employer obligations under Philippine law.
Redemption Rights Interest Computation CUT OFF In Foreclosure Sales
Philippine Supreme Court ruling clarifies that in DBP foreclosure redemptions, interest stops accruing at the auction date.
Recomputation of Retirement Benefits: Step Increments and Special Allowances for Retired Justices
The Supreme Court clarifies that step increments and special allowances form part of the basic monthly salary base for computing judicial retirement benefits.
Overload Pay and 13th Month Pay: Defining Basic Salary in Philippine Labor Law
The Supreme Court clarifies whether teaching overload pay forms part of basic salary for 13th month pay computation under Philippine law.
Holiday Pay Divisor Method Prevails Over Literal CBA Interpretation
Supreme Court rules employers may prove holiday pay inclusion through salary computation methods, not just payroll line items.
Court Division Jurisdiction Over Execution of Final Labor Decisions
Supreme Court nullifies CA ruling on labor award computation, holding only the division that decided the case may resolve execution disputes.
Retirement Benefits and Abandonment: Crediting Years of Service in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on how abandonment of work affects crediting years of service for retirement benefits computation.
Surety Bonds and Deficiency Claims: Why Evidence of Demand and Computation Matters
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on suretyship, deficiency claims, and the need for valid demand with clear computation of amounts owed.
Breach of Trust Establishing Liability for Qualified Theft in Managerial Roles
How the Supreme Court ruled that a store manager's breach of confidence constitutes qualified theft, with penalty computation explained.
Probationary Employment: Defining the Boundaries of Employer Discretion in the Philippines
Philippine Supreme Court clarifies probationary employment rules, six-month period computation, and abandonment of work in CALS Poultry v. Roco.
Full Backwages for Illegally Dismissed Employees: Computation Until Finality of Judgment
Learn how the Supreme Court ruled that illegally dismissed employees are entitled to full backwages until the finality of judgment, not just until dismissal.
When a Final Judgment Still Needs Computation: Jaban v. Court of Appeals on Loan Obligations
A final judgment is not always the last word on the amount owed. Jaban v. Court of Appeals explains when courts may clarify, not amend, a decision.
Acting Secretary's One-Day Salary Counts for Terminal Leave Pay Computation
Supreme Court rules a designated Acting Secretary's higher salary, even for one day, determines terminal leave pay basis.
Murder Conviction and Damages: Lessons from People v. Villarba
The Supreme Court affirms murder convictions, clarifies treachery, conspiracy, and damages computation in a tricycle driver's killing.
Wage Order Compliance During Bank Rehabilitation: Philippine Veterans Bank v. NLRC
Supreme Court ruling on wage order compliance, computation of daily wages, and employer liability during bank receivership and rehabilitation in the Philippines.
When Allowances Count as Wages: Separation Pay Computation Clarified
Supreme Court clarifies when allowances form part of wages for separation pay computation under Article 283 of the Labor Code.
Jurisdictional Challenges in Philippine Courts: Why Timing and Precision Matter in Tax Refund Claims
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on tax refund computation under RA 1435, explaining why strict interpretation and timing determine success in tax claims.
Understanding Intent in Murder Cases: When Can a Killing Be Reduced to a Lesser Crime
Philippine Supreme Court ruling on intent, treachery, and penalty computation in murder cases under the Revised Penal Code.