Legal Insights

Plain-language guides and case briefs on Philippine law — researched from the firm's law library of 184,000+ statutes, Supreme Court decisions, and agency issuances, and written so non-lawyers can understand and act on them.

Showing 4972 of 110 articles for employment contracts

Forfeiture Clauses Balancing Employer Protection AND Employee Rights IN Commission Disputes

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when commission forfeiture clauses in employment contracts are valid and enforceable.

Termination Disputes and Choice of Law: Protecting Philippine Labor Rights in Cross-Border Employment

Philippine labor tribunals can hear termination disputes involving foreign employers; Philippine law applies when the worker's duties are performed here.

Upholding Workers Rights Interpreting Employment Contracts IN Favor OF Labor

The Supreme Court clarifies when a seafarer's disability becomes total and permanent, and how CBA conflict-resolution clauses bind the parties.

When Fit-to-Work Assessments Prevail: Seafarer Disability Claims Under POEA-SEC

Philippine Supreme Court clarifies when a company-designated physician's fit-to-work declaration prevails over a seafarer's chosen doctor in disability claims.

Enforceability of Incentive Bonuses When Promises Become Obligations

When do employer promises become enforceable obligations? The Supreme Court clarifies jurisdiction over training reimbursement claims and unpaid salary disputes.

Regular vs. Fixed-Term Employment: Security of Tenure Under Philippine Labor Law

The Supreme Court clarifies when fixed-term employment is valid and when it violates a worker's security of tenure under Philippine labor law.

Pregnancy and Employment: Protecting Women's Rights in the Philippine Workplace

A Philippine Supreme Court ruling on Saudia's pregnancy termination policy affirms that women cannot be dismissed for becoming pregnant.

OFW Illegal Dismissal: Full Salary for Unexpired Contract, Not Just 3 Months

The Supreme Court affirms that illegally dismissed OFWs are entitled to full salaries for the unexpired portion of their contracts, striking down the three-month cap as unconstitutional.

The Duty of Disclosure: Honesty in Seafarer Employment Contracts

A Supreme Court ruling on how concealing a pre-existing illness in a seafarer's PEME can bar disability claims, even when the 3-day reporting rule is excused.

Overseas Workers' Full Compensation for Illegal Dismissal: Key SC Ruling

SC clarifies that illegally dismissed overseas workers with contracts under one year get full unexpired term salaries, including benefits.

Constructive Dismissal and Contract Substitution: Protecting OFWs from Unsafe Conditions

Learn how the Supreme Court protected OFWs from contract substitution and unsafe conditions, ruling that forced resignation amounts to constructive dismissal.

Control Test Decides Employer-Employee Relationship in Philippine Labor Law

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on Charlie Jao v. BCC Products Sales Inc. explains the control test and four elements determining employer-employee relationship.

When Onboard Recreation Becomes Work-Related: Seafarer Disability Claims Under the POEA-SEC

The Supreme Court clarifies when injuries from onboard recreational activities are compensable under the POEA-SEC and the Bunkhouse Rule.

Probationary Teacher Rights in the Philippines: Non-Renewal and Security of Tenure

When can a private school validly refuse to renew a probationary teacher's contract? The Supreme Court's ruling in St. Paul College vs. Ancheta explains.

Breach of Seafarer Employment Contracts: POEA Rules and the Risk of Suspension

A Supreme Court ruling on a seafarer's refusal to join a vessel clarifies POEA breach rules and the proper appeal route.

Regular vs Project Employees: Security of Tenure in Philippine Labor Law

Supreme Court clarifies when project employees become regular employees entitled to security of tenure under Philippine labor law.

Seafarers Disability When Standard Contracts Limit Compensation For Illnesses

SC rules basketball injury on board is work-related under the Bunkhouse Rule, entitling seafarer to disability benefits.

Voluntary Retirement vs Illegal Dismissal: Employee Rights in Downsizing

When does a retirement package become a forced exit? The Supreme Court clarifies the thin line between voluntary retirement and illegal dismissal.

Management Prerogative vs Constructive Dismissal: When Transfer of Employees Is Valid

Supreme Court clarifies when a permanent transfer is valid management prerogative and not constructive dismissal, and when benefits may be reduced.

Seafarers Disability: Proving Work-Related Illness Under the POEA Contract

Learn how the Supreme Court ruled on a seafarer's disability claim for heart disease under the POEA Standard Employment Contract.

Probationary Employment: Employers Must Inform Workers of Regularization Standards

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on probationary employment: employers must inform workers of regularization standards at the start of engagement.

Bonus Entitlement Discretion VS Contractual Right IN Employment Compensation

Philippine Supreme Court ruling on when bonuses are discretionary and when they become contractual obligations of employers.

Medical Negligence: The Duty to Consider Existing Conditions During Treatment

Philippine Supreme Court rules on seafarer disability claims, company-designated physician assessments, and the duty to consider pre-existing conditions.

Upholding Workers' Rights: The Extent of DOLE's Authority and the Validity of Labor Standards Claims

The Supreme Court clarifies the scope of DOLE's visitorial powers over labor standards claims and the limits of its jurisdiction.